Niemeyer studied architecture at the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes in Rio de Janeiro and began his career working for the architect Lucio Costa. In 1936, he was invited to join the team responsible for designing the new Ministry of Education and Health in Rio de Janeiro, a project that was to become a symbol of modern architecture in Brazil.
During the 1950s and 1960s, Niemeyer worked on many large-scale projects, including the construction of Brazil's new capital, Brasília, for which he designed many iconic buildings such as the Alvorada Palace, the National Congress and Brasília Cathedral.
Niemeyer was also known for his work in furniture design, and designed several famous pieces, including the Rio chair, the Alta chair and the Serpentine chair.
Throughout his life, Niemeyer received numerous awards and distinctions for his work, including the gold medal from the International Union of Architects and the Pritzker Prize in 1988. His bold, innovative style has inspired architects and designers the world over.